Following his doping confessions, the disgraced cyclist has now been accused of using a motor in races. Lance Armstrong is the most famous rider in cycling history, but for all the wrong reasons. The American won the sport's most prestigious event, the Tour De France, seven consecutive times from However, his reputation was tarnished when he admitted to doping after his retirement. As a result, all of his achievements from August including his Tour De France titles were taken away. There were always suspicions about Armstrong 's performances throughout his career.
But what set Armstrong's epic fall from grace in motion and why is it culminating now? Life's Little Mysteries explains. Anyone who emerges from a bout with cancer to make a record-obliterating run on one of the world's premier sporting events is sure to draw skepticism, so it's not surprising that Armstrong has contended with allegations of doping for more than a decade. But his unprecedented domination was not the only source of suspicion.
Even in , the year of his first Tour de France win , there were already objective suggestions that Armstrong's success may not have been entirely on the up and up. That year, his urine sample showed a small trace of a banned steroid used to assist muscle recovery, but he was cleared when his team produced a medical certificate showing that the chemical was present in a cream Armstrong used for "saddle sores.
By increasing the number of circulating red blood cells, transfusions increase the oxygen carrying capacity of the blood and enhance endurance and recovery. No effective anti-doping test has yet been implemented to detect autologous transfusions i. In smaller doses anabolic agents such as testosterone can promote muscle recovery from strenuous exercise and increase endurance.
Andriol consists of testosterone undecanoate, a steroid which can be mixed with oil and taken orally. Taken in this way the drug can be absorbed into the lymphatic system without being transported to the liver, making the drug more effective and reducing the prospect of liver damage.
Ferrari [an alleged co-conspirator] developed a method of mixing testosterone i. Did he use EPO? Human growth hormone? Illegal blood transfusions and other blood doping? Armstrong answered "yes" on all counts. In October, the U. Anti-Doping Agency released more than 1, pages of evidence in doping allegations against Armstrong and his teammates.
He was stripped of his seven Tour de France titles in the scandal. On Thursday, the International Olympic Committee demanded that he give back the bronze medal he won in The charges against Armstrong are all too common in the cycling world. Cyclist Floyd Landis was stripped of his Tour de France title after failing a drug test. Eighty percent of the Tour de France medalists between and have been "similarly tainted by doping," according to the USADA report on Armstrong.
More Videos Lance Armstrong admits doping McKinnon: Armstrong doping 'devastating' Armstrong could face more legal trouble Lance Armstrong plays Oprah card EPO, or erythropoietin, is a hormone naturally produced by human kidneys to stimulate red blood cell production, according to the World Anti-Doping Agency.
Cyclists and other athletes use EPO to raise their red blood cell counts, which increases the amount of oxygen that can be delivered to muscles, improving recovery and endurance. Blood transfusions have a similar effect on the body's red blood cell count. Usually an athlete will store some of his blood when his hemoglobin levels are high, then reinfuse it right before an event.
Both methods can have dangerous side effects.
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