Labor that fails to progress or doesn't progress the way it should. Size of the fetus. The baby is too large for your provider to deliver vaginally. Placenta problems. This includes placenta previa, in which the placenta blocks the cervix. Premature detachment from the fetus is known as abruption. Certain conditions in the mother, such as diabetes, high blood pressure, or HIV infection.
After a C-section, a woman may not be able to have a vaginal birth in a future pregnancy. It will depend on the type of uterine incision used. Vertical scars of the uterus are not strong enough to hold together during labor contractions, so a repeat C-section is necessary. You may have other risks that are unique to you. Be sure to discuss any concerns with your healthcare provider before the procedure, if possible. You will be asked to sign a consent form that gives your permission to do the procedure.
Read the form carefully and ask questions if something is unclear. You will be asked when you last had anything to eat or drink. If your C-section is planned and requires general, spinal, or epidural anesthesia, you will be asked to not eat or drink anything for 8 hours before the procedure.
Tell your healthcare provider if you are sensitive to or are allergic to any medicine, latex, iodine, tape, or anesthesia. Tell your healthcare provider of all medicine prescription and over-the-counter , vitamins, herbs, and supplements that you are taking. Tell your healthcare provider if you have a history of bleeding disorders or if you are taking any blood-thinning medicines anticoagulants , aspirin, or other medicines that affect blood clotting.
You may be told to stop these medicines before the procedure. You may be given medicine to decrease the acid in your stomach. These also help dry the secretions in your mouth and breathing passages. Plan to have someone stay with you after a C-section. You have an infection, like HIV or genital herpes. You can pass these infections to your baby during vaginal birth.
So a c-section is safer for your baby. You have a medical condition that may make vaginal birth risky, like diabetes or high blood pressure. Diabetes is when you have too much sugar in your blood. This can damage organs in your body, like blood vessels and nerves. High blood pressure is when the force of blood against the walls of the blood vessels is too high.
It can stress your heart and cause problems during pregnancy. Your baby is very large. If your baby is in a breech position, it means his bottom or feet are facing down. Some babies can be turned in the womb to move into a head-down position. But a c-section may be safer for your baby. The umbilical cord is pinched or you have umbilical cord prolapse. This is when the umbilical cord slips into the vagina before the baby.
Your baby is in distress. Your baby has certain birth defects , like severe hydrocephalus. Birth defects are health conditions that are present at birth. They change the shape or function of one or more parts of the body. Birth defects can cause problems in overall health, how the body develops or how the body works. What are the risks of scheduling a c-section for non-medical reasons? If your provider recommends scheduling a c-section, ask these questions: Why do I need to have a c-section?
Is there a problem with my health or the health of my baby makes it necessary to have my baby before 39 weeks? Even if you're hoping for a traditional vaginal birth, it may help to ease some fears to learn why and how C-sections are performed, just in case everything doesn't go as planned.
A C-section is the surgical delivery of a baby that involves making incisions in the mother's abdominal wall and uterus. Generally considered safe, C-sections do have more risks than vaginal births. Plus, moms can go home sooner and recover quicker after a vaginal delivery. But C-sections can help women who are at risk for complications avoid dangerous delivery-room situations and can be a lifesaver in an emergency. C-sections are done by obstetricians doctors who care for pregnant women before, during, and after birth and some family physicians.
Although more and more women are choosing midwives to deliver their babies, midwives of any licensing degree cannot perform C-sections. Some C-sections are scheduled if the doctor knows that a vaginal birth would be risky. A doctor may schedule one if:. An emergency C-section might be done if:.
Of course, each woman's pregnancy and delivery is different. If your doctor has recommended a C-section and it's not an emergency, you can ask for a second opinion. In the end, you most often need to rely on the judgment of the doctors. Your labor coach, wearing a surgical mask and gown, can be right by your side during the entire delivery although partners might not be allowed to stay during emergency C-sections.
Before the procedure begins, an anesthesiologist will discuss what will be done so that you don't feel pain during the C-section. After anesthesia is given, the doctor makes an incision on the skin of the abdomen — usually horizontally 1—2 inches above the pubic hairline, sometimes called "the bikini cut". The doctor then gently parts the abdominal muscles to get to the uterus, where he or she will make another incision in the uterus itself. This incision can be vertical or horizontal.
Doctors usually use a horizontal incision in the uterus, also called transverse, which heals better and makes a VBAC much more possible. If you have already been given an epidural during labour, and it is working well, the epidural can be topped up for an emergency caesarean.
The epidural is a plastic tube that will be inserted into a space around the lining of your spine. Local anaesthetic will be injected through the tube, which will block any pain sensation from your waist down.
As your baby is being born, you may feel tugging and pulling sensations, but no pain a general anaesthetic may also be given if your baby needs to be born very quickly.
You will breathe oxygen through a mask and you will be given medicine through a drip, which will make you drowsy and put you to sleep. Types of caesarean sections Caesarean sections differ in terms of where the cuts incisions are made to the uterus. The two types of cuts that can be used when you have a caesarean section are: a lower segment incision — will be used wherever possible. These cuts heal better, are less visible and are less likely to cause problems in future pregnancies.
The cut on the abdomen may be horizontal or vertical. This type of incision is usually only used for extreme emergencies or in specific situations, such as if the placenta is lying very low, if your baby is lying sideways or if your baby is very small. It can increase the chance of having problems in later pregnancies and births. Preparing for a caesarean section To prepare for your caesarean section: You will need to fast.
That means no food or drink, including water, for six hours before a planned caesarean. If you are having an emergency caesarean, the doctor will ask you when you last had any food or drink so they know how to proceed with your operation.
You will have blood tests taken. You may have a support person with you, unless there are serious complications or you need a general anaesthetic. It is generally possible for someone to take photos of your baby being born, so ask your support person to bring a camera if they have one. If you have any special preferences, talk to your doctor or midwife beforehand, so they can try to support your choices. If the doctor believes you are at increased risk of blood clots, you may be measured for compression stockings to wear during the operation.
The theatre team will clean your abdomen with antiseptic and cover it with sterile cloths to reduce the risk of infection. In many hospitals, the hair around the area to be cut is shaved so that it is easier to clean. You will have a catheter plastic tube inserted into your bladder so that it remains empty during the operation. During a caesarean section The actual operation usually takes between 30 and 60 minutes. It will involve: The doctor will make a cut in your abdomen and your uterus both about 10 cm long.
Your baby will be lifted out through the cut. Your baby will be carefully checked. You will be able to hold your baby soon afterwards.
Skin-to-skin contact can strengthen your early bond with your baby and make breastfeeding easier. If you cannot hold your baby in the operating theatre, your support person will most likely be able to hold your baby instead. The umbilical cord will be cut and your placenta removed. An injection will usually be given to make your uterus contract and to minimise bleeding.
Antibiotics will be given to reduce the risk of infection. The layers of muscle, fat and skin will be stitched back together and a dressing will be applied over the wound. After a caesarean section A number of things will occur after you have a caesarean section, including: You will be cared for in the recovery room until you are ready to go to the ward. If you have had a general anaesthetic, you will most likely wake up in the recovery room. You should be able to see your baby once you are awake.
You will be encouraged to breastfeed. The earlier you start to breastfeed, the easier it is likely to be for both you and your baby. Having a caesarean section can make breastfeeding harder to start, so ask for all the support you need.
Breastfeeding is the best possible food to help your baby grow healthy and strong, and the midwives are there to help you. Some hospitals encourage women to breastfeed their baby in the recovery room if there is a midwife to assist.
Tell your midwife or doctor when you are feeling pain so they can give you something to ease it. Pain-relieving medication may make you a little drowsy. You may have a drip for the first 24 hours or so, until you have recovered from the anaesthetic.
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